Laparoscopic Nephrectomy for Nonfunctioning Kidneys Is Feasible After Previous Ipsilateral Renal Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Trial

Abstract

Previous renal surgery is a relative contraindication to laparoscopic nephrectomy because adhesion formation makes surgical dissection difficult. We determined whether previous surgery at the same anatomical site would affected the surgical outcome in patients who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy.During the study period 79 consecutive patients who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy were evaluated prospectively. All patients had symptomatic nonfunctioning small or hydronephrotic kidneys. Patients were divided into 29 with and 50 without prior surgery at the same anatomical site. Previous surgery included open nephrolithotomy in 16 patients, percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 8, open and percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 3, pyelolithotomy in 1 and pyeloplasty in 1.Patients who underwent prior surgery were older than patients who did not (average age 46.6 vs 34.9 years, p=0.008). Other patient characteristics, including gender ratio, body mass index and side of surgery, did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Mean operative time was longer in patients with previous surgery than in the other group (98.6 vs 62.3 minutes, p=0.03). Other operative data, including blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, open conversion and hospital stay, were similar in the groups. One case per group was converted to open surgery due to difficult pedicle dissection.Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy in patients with a history of ipsilateral renal surgery can be done safely in timely fashion. Although mean operative time was longer, there was no significant increase in the operative complication rate in patients with prior surgery.