Abstract
The solvation of mono-, di- and trivalent metal ions in liquid ammonia is characterized from molecular simulations. A central focus of the analyses is given by metal ion acidity within the respective solvent complexes. For this purpose, a recently developed model for estimating the pK of the auto-protolysis reaction 2NH3 → NH4 + + NH2 is transferred to assessing the ‘local’ pK of ammonia molecules coordinating a metal ion. On this basis, we identify MI/II(NH3)n +/++ complexes (M = Na+, K+, Mg2+ with n = 6 and M = Ca2+ with n = 8, respectively) as predominant species unless extremely ammono-basic conditions are imposed. On the other hand, the trivalent Al3+ and Ga3+ species were found to favor [Al(NH2)3(NH3)2]0 and [Ga(NH2)4] complexes, respectively. The negatively charged complexes dominate over a wide range of pH for gallium ion solvation in ammonia, whilst [Al(NH2)4(NH3)2] complexes require moderately ammono-basic solutions.
Funding Information
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (EXC 315)