A high frequency of BRCA mutations in young black women with breast cancer residing in Florida

Abstract

BACKGROUND Black women are disproportionately affected with triple‐negative breast cancer and have relatively poor survival. To the authors' knowledge, it is not known to what extent differences in the clinical presentation of breast cancer between non‐Hispanic white women and black women can be accounted for by the presence of mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The authors sought to evaluate the frequency of BRCA pathogenic variants in a population‐based sample of young black women with breast cancer. METHODS Black women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at age ≤50 years from 2009 to 2012 were recruited to the study through the Florida Cancer Registry. Participants underwent genetic counseling, completed a study questionnaire, and consented to release of their medical records. Saliva specimens were collected for BRCA sequencing and large rearrangement testing through multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. RESULTS A DNA sample was evaluated for 396 women, 49 of whom (12.4%) had a mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Eight recurrent mutations accounted for 49% of all pathogenic variants. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, the prevalence of BRCA mutations among the Florida‐based sample of young black women with breast cancer in the current study exceeds that previously reported for non‐Hispanic white women. It is appropriate to recommend BRCA testing in all young black women with invasive breast cancer. Cancer 2015;121:4173–4180. © 2015 American Cancer Society.