Synthesizing Porous NaTi2(PO4)3 Nanoparticles Embedded in 3D Graphene Networks for High-Rate and Long Cycle-Life Sodium Electrodes
- 8 June 2015
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in ACS Nano
- Vol. 9 (6), 6610-6618
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b02787
Abstract
Sodium ion batteries attract increasing attention for large-scale energy storage as a promising alternative to the lithium counterparts in view of low cost and abundant sodium source. However, the large ion radius of Na brings about a series of challenging thermodynamic and kinetic difficulties to the electrodes for sodium-storage, including low reversible capacity and low ion transport, as well as large volume change. To mitigate or even overcome the kinetic problems, we develop a self-assembly route to a novel architecture consisting of nanosized porous NASICON-type NaTi2(PO4)3 particles embedded in microsized 3D graphene network. Such architecture synergistically combines the advantages of a 3D graphene network and of 0D porous nanoparticles. It greatly increases the electron/ion transport kinetics and assures the electrode structure integrity, leading to attractive electrochemical performance as reflected by a high rate-capability (112 mAh g–1 at 1C, 105 mAh g–1 at 5C, 96 mAh g–1 at 10C, 67 mAh g–1 at 50C), a long cycle-life (capacity retention of 80% after 1000 cycles at 10C), and a high initial Coulombic efficiency (>79%). This nanostructure design provides a promising pathway for developing high performance NASICON-type materials for sodium storage.Keywords
Funding Information
- Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21373195)
- Seventh Framework Programme (312483)
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
- Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (WK2060140016)
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