Vaccination strategies for the prevention of cervical cancer
- 10 January 2005
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Informa UK Limited in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
- Vol. 5 (1), 97-107
- https://doi.org/10.1586/14737140.5.1.97
Abstract
Infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is an essential step in the multistep process leading to cervical cancer. There are approximately 120 different types of HPV identified: of these, 18 are high-risk types associated with cervical cancer, with HPV-16 being the dominant type in most parts of the world. The major capsid protein of papillomavirus, produced in a number of expression systems, self assembles to form virus-like particles. Virus-like particles are the basis of the first generation of HPV vaccines presently being tested in clinical trials. Virus-like particles are highly immunogenic and afford protection from infection both in animal models and in Phase IIb clinical trials. A number of Phase III trials are in progress to determine if the vaccine will protect against cervical disease and, in some cases, genital warts. However, it is predicted that these vaccines will be too expensive for the developing world, where they are desperately needed. Another problem is that they will be type specific. Novel approaches to the production of virus-like particles in plants, second-generation vaccine approaches including viral and bacterial vaccine vectors and DNA vaccines, as well as different routes of immunization, are also reviewed.Keywords
This publication has 89 references indexed in Scilit:
- Classification of papillomavirusesVirology, 2004
- Interactions between Papillomavirus L1 and L2 Capsid ProteinsJournal of Virology, 2003
- Epidemiologic Classification of Human Papillomavirus Types Associated with Cervical CancerNew England Journal of Medicine, 2003
- Human papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer worldwide: a meta-analysisBritish Journal of Cancer, 2003
- Transforming Proteins of Human PapillomavirusesReviews in Medical Virology, 1996
- Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Cancer: a Worldwide PerspectiveJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 1995
- HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUSESAnnual Review of Microbiology, 1994
- Role of steroid hormones in potentiating transformation of cervical cells by human papillomavirusesTrends in Microbiology, 1994
- Estimates of the worldwide mortality from eighteen major cancers in 1985. Implications for prevention and projections of future burdenInternational Journal of Cancer, 1993
- Structures of bovine and human papillomaviruses. Analysis by cryoelectron microscopy and three-dimensional image reconstructionBiophysical Journal, 1991