High processed meat consumption is a risk factor of type 2 diabetes in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention study
- 26 February 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in British Journal of Nutrition
- Vol. 103 (12), 1817-1822
- https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510000073
Abstract
Relatively small lifestyle modifications related to weight reduction, physical activity and diet have been shown to decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes. Connected with diet, low consumption of meat has been suggested as a protective factor of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between the consumption of total meat or the specific types of meats and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention cohort included middle-aged male smokers. Up to 12 years of follow-up, 1098 incident cases of diabetes were diagnosed from 24 845 participants through the nationwide register. Food consumption was assessed by a validated FFQ. In the age- and intervention group-adjusted model, high total meat consumption was a risk factor of type 2 diabetes (relative risk (RR) 1·50, 95 % CI 1·23, 1·82, highestv.lowest quintile). The result was similar after adjustment for environmental factors and foods related to diabetes and meat consumption. The RR of type 2 diabetes was 1·37 for processed meat (95 % CI 1·11, 1·71) in the multivariate model. The results were explained more by intakes of Na than by intakes of SFA, protein, cholesterol, haeme Fe, Mg and nitrate, and were not modified by obesity. No association was found between red meat, poultry and the risk of type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, reduction of the consumption of processed meat may help prevent the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes. It seems like Na of processed meat may explain the association.Keywords
This publication has 30 references indexed in Scilit:
- Red Meat Intake Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and the Plasma C-Reactive Protein Concentration in WomenJournal of Nutrition, 2009
- Meats, Processed Meats, Obesity, Weight Gain and Occurrence of Diabetes among Adults: Findings from Adventist Health StudiesAnnals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2008
- Comparison of Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Waist/Hip Ratio in Predicting Incident Diabetes: A Meta-AnalysisEpidemiologic Reviews, 2007
- PRIMARY PREVENTION OF DIABETES: What Can Be Done and How Much Can Be Prevented?Annual Review of Public Health, 2005
- Diet composition and the risk of type 2 diabetes: epidemiological and clinical evidenceBritish Journal of Nutrition, 2004
- Body Iron Stores in Relation to Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Apparently Healthy WomenJama-Journal Of The American Medical Association, 2004
- Processed meat intake and incidence of Type 2 diabetes in younger and middle-aged womenDiabetologia, 2003
- Body Iron Stores Are Associated With Serum Insulin and Blood Glucose Concentrations: Population study in 1,013 eastern Finnish menDiabetes Care, 1997
- The alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene lung cancer prevention study: Design, methods, participant characteristics, and complianceAnnals of Epidemiology, 1994
- Mechanisms of nitrosourea-induced beta-cell damage. Alterations in DNADiabetes, 1986