Delta inulin: a novel, immunologically active, stable packing structure comprising -D-[2 -> 1] poly(fructo-furanosyl) -D-glucose polymers
- 7 December 2010
- journal article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Glycobiology
- Vol. 21 (5), 595-606
- https://doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cwq201
Abstract
We report a novel isoform of β-d-[2 → 1] poly(fructo-furanosyl) α-d-glucose termed delta inulin (DI), comparing it with previously described alpha (AI), beta (BI) and gamma (GI) isoforms. In vitro, DI is the most immunologically active weight/weight in human complement activation and in binding to monocytes and regulating their chemokine production and cell surface protein expression. In vivo, this translates into potent immune adjuvant activity, enhancing humoral and cellular responses against co-administered antigens. As a biocompatible polysaccharide particle, DI is safe and well tolerated by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. Physico-chemically, DI forms as an insoluble precipitate from an aqueous solution of suitable AI, BI or GI held at 37–48°C, whereas the precipitate from the same solution at lower temperatures has the properties of AI or GI. DI can also be produced by heat conversion of GI suspensions at 56°C, whereas GI is converted from AI at 45°C. DI is distinguished from GI by its higher temperature of solution in dilute aqueous suspension and by its lower solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide, both consistent with greater hydrogen bonding in DI's polymer packing structure. DI suspensions can be dissolved by heat, re-precipitated by cooling as AI and finally re-converted back to DI by repeated heat treatment. Thus, DI, like the previously described inulin isoforms, reflects the formation of a distinct polymer aggregate packing structure via reversible noncovalent bonding. DI forms the basis for a potent new human vaccine adjuvant and further swells the growing family of carbohydrate structures with immunological activity.Keywords
This publication has 30 references indexed in Scilit:
- An inactivated Vero cell-grown Japanese encephalitis vaccine formulated with Advax, a novel inulin-based adjuvant, induces protective neutralizing antibody against homologous and heterologous flavivirusesJournal of General Virology, 2010
- Potentiation of photodynamic therapy of cancer by complement: the effect of γ-inulinBritish Journal of Cancer, 2006
- Size and shape of inulin in dimethyl sulphoxide solutionCarbohydrate Polymers, 1999
- C3d of Complement as a Molecular Adjuvant: Bridging Innate and Acquired ImmunityScience, 1996
- Molecular and Crystal Structures of Inulin from Electron Diffraction DataMacromolecules, 1996
- Algammulin, a new vaccine adjuvant comprising gamma inulin particles containing alum: preparation and in vitro propertiesVaccine, 1991
- MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION OF THE COMPLEMENT SYSTEMAnnual Review of Biochemistry, 1988
- The anti-melanoma activity of inulin in miceMolecular Immunology, 1986
- The alternative pathway of complementSpringer Seminars in Immunopathology, 1984
- A PLASMIN-SPLIT FRAGMENT OF C'3 AS A NEW CHEMOTACTIC FACTORThe Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1967