Aqueous Extract of Nypa fruticans Wurmb. Vinegar Alleviates Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Normoglycemic Rats
Open Access
- 20 August 2015
- Vol. 7 (8), 7012-7026
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7085320
Abstract
Nypa fruticans Wurmb. vinegar, commonly known as nipa palm vinegar (NPV) has been used as a folklore medicine among the Malay community to treat diabetes. Early work has shown that aqueous extract (AE) of NPV exerts a potent antihyperglycemic effect. Thus, this study is conducted to evaluate the effect of AE on postprandial hyperglycemia in an attempt to understand its mechanism of antidiabetic action. AE were tested via in vitro intestinal glucose absorption, in vivo carbohydrate tolerance tests and spectrophotometric enzyme inhibition assays. One mg/mL of AE showed a comparable outcome to the use of phloridzin (1 mM) in vitro as it delayed glucose absorption through isolated rat jejunum more effectively than acarbose (1 mg/mL). Further in vivo confirmatory tests showed AE (500 mg/kg) to cause a significant suppression in postprandial hyperglycemia 30 min following respective glucose (2 g/kg), sucrose (4 g/kg) and starch (3 g/kg) loadings in normal rats, compared to the control group. Conversely, in spectrophotometric enzymatic assays, AE showed rather a weak inhibitory activity against both α-glucosidase and α-amylase when compared with acarbose. The findings suggested that NPV exerts its anti-diabetic effect by delaying carbohydrate absorption from the small intestine through selective inhibition of intestinal glucose transporters, therefore suppressing postprandial hyperglycemia.This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- In vitro and in vivo effects of standardized extract and fractions of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits pericarp on lead carbohydrate digesting enzymesBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013
- Evaluation of pharmacological activities and assessment of intraocular penetration of an ayurvedic polyherbal eye drop (Itone™) in experimental modelsBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013
- Antioxidant activities of aged oat vinegar in vitro and in mouse serum and liverJournal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2010
- Vinegar reduces postprandial hyperglycaemia in patients with type II diabetes when added to a high, but not to a low, glycaemic index mealEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2010
- Impact of Dietary Polyphenols on Carbohydrate MetabolismInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2010
- Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Care, 2010
- Sorting Out DiabetesScience, 2009
- INHIBITORY POTENTIAL OF WINE AND TEA AGAINST α-AMYLASE AND α-GLUCOSIDASE FOR MANAGEMENT OF HYPERGLYCEMIA LINKED TO TYPE 2 DIABETESJournal of Food Biochemistry, 2008
- Acarbose in the Treatment of Type I DiabetesDiabetes Care, 1997
- Diabetes and glucose transporter gene expression in rat small intestineBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1991