CTS is an increasingly common condition with symptoms resulting from compression of the median nerve. Although most cases are clinically straightforward, those with confusing clinical pictures or equivocal or contradictory diagnostic studies may benefit from imaging. Although MR imaging has been established as a useful imaging technique for the evaluation of CTS, sonography may be a low-cost alternative. Imaging criteria for the diagnosis of CTS apply to both sonography and MR imaging. Sonographic evaluation of a large series of patients is still necessary to determine the definitive role of sonography in CTS.