Atomic-Resolution Electrochemistry with the Atomic Force Microscope: Copper Deposition on Gold
- 11 January 1991
- journal article
- other
- Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Science
- Vol. 251 (4990), 183-186
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.251.4990.183
Abstract
The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to image an electrode surface at atomic resolution while the electrode was under potential control in a fluid electrolyte. A new level of subtlety was observed for each step of a complete electrochemical cycle that started with an Au(111) surface onto which bulk Cu was electrodeposited. The Cu was stripped down to an underpotential-deposited monolayer and finally returned to a bare Au(111) surface. The images revealed that the underpotential-deposited monolayer has different structures in different electrolytes. Specifically, for a perchloric acid electrolyte the Cu atoms are in a close-packed lattice with a spacing of 0.29 ± 0.02 nanometer (nm). For a sulfate electrolyte they are in a more open lattice with a spacing of 0.49 ± 0.02 nm. As the deposited Cu layer grew thicker, the Cu atoms converged to a (111)-oriented layer with a lattice spacing of 0.26 ± 0.02 nm for both electrolytes. A terrace pattern was observed during dissolution of bulk Cu. Images were obtained of an atomically resolved Cu monolayer in one region and an atomically resolved Au substrate in another in which a 30° rotation of the Cu monolayer lattice from the Au lattice is clearly visible.Keywords
This publication has 17 references indexed in Scilit:
- Atomic structure of Cu adlayers on Au(100) and Au(111) electrodes observed byin situscanning tunneling microscopyPhysical Review Letters, 1990
- Radioactive labeling study of sulfate/bisulfate adsorption on smooth gold electrodesJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 1990
- Imaging Crystals, Polymers, and Processes in Water with the Atomic Force MicroscopeScience, 1989
- High-Resolution Imaging of Copper-Phthalocyanine by Scanning-Tunneling MicroscopyPhysical Review Letters, 1989
- An in-situ scanning tunneling microscopy study of au (111) with atomic scale resolutionJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 1988
- In-plane structure of underpotentially deposited copper on gold(111) determined by surface EXAFSLangmuir, 1988
- Atomic Force MicroscopePhysical Review Letters, 1986
- Radiotracer study of the adsorption of Cl− and HSO4− ions on a porous gold electrode and on underpotential deposited metals on goldJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 1983
- Potentiodynamic desorption spectra of metallic monolayers of Cu, Bi, Pb, Tl, and Sb adsorbed at (111), (100), and (110) planes of gold electrodesSurface Science, 1976
- Adsorption physics of metallic surfaces partially covered by metallic particles. I atom and ion desorption energiesSurface Science, 1964