This article presents an analysis of the tlacuiloque (scribes) who participated in the production of the Matrícula de Tributos and the Codex Mendoza. I show the relevance of palaeographic analysis for documents in which the writing system is logosyllabic or hieroglyphic and most of the information is iconographic. The Matrícula de Tributos is a pre-Columbian document that recorded the tribute paid to the Mexica empire by conquered towns. It was probably painted during the last decade of Moctezuma's II rulership, although some of its pages may have been produced earlier. Its production shows the work of at least six scribes. Its content was copied by a single artist around 1542 as the second part of the Codex Mendoza, a document created to be sent to the Spanish emperor. I provide evidence of the work of the six scribes in the pages preserved of the Matrícula. I also show that the scribe responsible for folios 6r–11v of the Matrícula painted the entire Codex Mendoza at least 20 years later. I demonstrate these interpretations through comparative analysis of some elements of the iconography and logosyllabic writing in the Matrícula and the Codex Mendoza.