Graphene-based sensors for detection of heavy metals in water: a review
- 17 April 2014
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
- Vol. 406 (16), 3957-3975
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-7804-x
Abstract
Graphene (G) is attracting significant attention because of its unique physical and electronic properties. The production of graphene through the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) is a low-cost method. The reduction of GO can further lead to electrically conductive reduced GO. These graphene-based nanomaterials are attractive for high-performance water sensors due to their unique properties, such as high specific surface areas, high electron mobilities, and exceptionally low electronic noise. Because of potential risks to the environment and human health arising from heavy-metal pollution in water, G-/GO-based water sensors are being developed for rapid and sensitive detection of heavy-metal ions. In this review, a general introduction to graphene and GO properties, as well as their syntheses, is provided. Recent advances in optical, electrochemical, and electrical detection of heavy-metal ions using graphene or GO are then highlighted. Finally, challenges facing G/GO-based water sensor development and outlook for future research are discussed.Keywords
This publication has 101 references indexed in Scilit:
- Amphiphilic poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) grafted graphene by reversible addition and fragmentation polymerization and the reinforcement of poly(vinyl acetate) filmsJournal of Materials Chemistry A, 2013
- Strategies for enhancing the analytical performance of nanomaterial-based sensorsTrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2013
- The Origin of Fluorescence from Graphene OxideScientific Reports, 2012
- Self-assembled multilayer of alkyl graphene oxide for highly selective detection of copper(ii) based on anodic stripping voltammetryJournal of Materials Chemistry, 2012
- Simple Förster resonance energy transfer evidence for the ultrahigh quantum dot quenching efficiency by graphene oxide compared to other carbon structuresCarbon, 2012
- Recent Trends in Macro-, Micro-, and Nanomaterial-Based Tools and Strategies for Heavy-Metal DetectionChemical Reviews, 2011
- External Bias Dependent Direct To Indirect Band Gap Transition in Graphene NanoribbonNano Letters, 2010
- Graphene nanomeshNature Nanotechnology, 2010
- A Calibration Method for Nanowire Biosensors to Suppress Device-to-Device VariationACS Nano, 2009
- Subthreshold Regime has the Optimal Sensitivity for Nanowire FET BiosensorsNano Letters, 2009