Guidelines for prevention of hospital acquired infections
Open Access
- 1 March 2014
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing in Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine
- Vol. 18 (3), 149-163
- https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-5229.128705
Abstract
These guidelines, written for clinicians, contains evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of hospital acquired infections Hospital acquired infections are a major cause of mortality and morbidity and provide challenge to clinicians. Measures of infection control include identifying patients at risk of nosocomial infections, observing hand hygiene, following standard precautions to reduce transmission and strategies to reduce VAP, CR-BSI, CAUTI. Environmental factors and architectural lay out also need to be emphasized upon. Infection prevention in special subsets of patients - burns patients, include identifying sources of organism, identification of organisms, isolation if required, antibiotic prophylaxis to be used selectively, early removal of necrotic tissue, prevention of tetanus, early nutrition and surveillance. Immunodeficient and Transplant recipients are at a higher risk of opportunistic infections. The post tranplant timetable is divided into three time periods for determining risk of infections. Room ventilation, cleaning and decontamination, protective clothing with care regarding food requires special consideration. Monitoring and Surveillance are prioritized depending upon the needs. Designated infection control teams should supervise the process and help in collection and compilation of data. Antibiotic Stewardship Recommendations include constituting a team, close coordination between teams, audit, formulary restriction, de-escalation, optimizing dosing, active use of information technology among other measure. The recommendations in these guidelines are intended to support, and not replace, good clinical judgment. The recommendations are rated by a letter that indicates the strength of the recommendation and a Roman numeral that indicates the quality of evidence supporting the recommendation, so that readers can ascertain how best to apply the recommendations in their practice environments.Keywords
This publication has 62 references indexed in Scilit:
- Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaClinical Infectious Diseases, 2009
- 2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Health Care SettingsAmerican Journal of Infection Control, 2007
- Infection Control Issues in Older AdultsClinics in Geriatric Medicine, 2007
- Burn Wound InfectionsClinical Microbiology Reviews, 2006
- Considerations for a WHO European strategy on health-care-associated infection, surveillance, and controlThe Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2005
- Changes of microbial flora and wound colonization in burned patientsBurns, 2004
- SHEA Guideline for Preventing Nosocomial Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Strains ofStaphylococcus aureusandEnterococcusInfection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 2003
- Nosocomial infections in a burn intensive care unitClinical Dermatology and Surgery, 1995
- Current Treatment Recommendations for Topical Burn TherapyDrugs, 1990
- Reduction of Nosocomial Infection during Pediatric Intensive Care by Protective IsolationThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1989