Long-Term Monitoring for Resistance of Botryotinia fuckeliana to Anilinopyrimidine, Phenylpyrrole, and Hydroxyanilide Fungicides in Switzerland
Open Access
- 1 June 2003
- journal article
- Published by Scientific Societies in Plant Disease
- Vol. 87 (6), 662-666
- https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.6.662
Abstract
In Switzerland, the use of phenylpyrrole, anilinopyrimidine, and hydroxyanilide fungicides for control of Botryotinia fuckeliana, causal agent of gray mold in grapes, has been restricted to one treatment per fungicide class per year as part of an anti-resistance strategy. Resistance development in B. fuckeliana was monitored from 1995 to 2001 for the anilinopyrimidine cyprodinil and the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil and from 1997 to 2001 for the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid in experimental vineyards in Richterswil and Stäfa, Switzerland. In total, over 2,400 field isolates were tested. In 1996, the first case of field resistance to anilinopyrimidines was encountered in Richterswil. Efficacy of the anilinopyrimidine cyprodinil decreased significantly, and 54% of the isolates were resistant to anilinopyrimidines. During 7 years of monitoring, one field isolate was found that showed a slightly decreased sensitivity to the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil. Resistance to the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid was not found in 1997 and 1998. From 1999 to 2001, the level of fenhexamid-resistant isolates increased to 100% in Stäfa. The analysis of monitoring and efficacy data showed that subpopulations of B. fuckeliana resistant to cyprodinil and fenhexamid have increased significantly; however, the efficacy of a mixture of fludioxonil and cyprodinil and of fenhexamid alone was still effective. The objective of this study was to initiate long-term monitoring in order to establish an early resistance-detection system as a tool to assess the effectiveness of the anti-resistance strategy used in Switzerland.Keywords
This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Genetic Basis and Monitoring of Resistance of Botryotinia fuckeliana to AnilinopyrimidinesPlant Disease, 1998
- Detection and Quantification of Resistance of Venturia inaequalis Populations to Sterol Demethylation InhibitorsPhytopathology®, 1997
- Basis for use strategies of anilinopyrimidine and phenylpyrrole fungicides against Botrytis cinereaCrop Protection, 1996
- A Reliable Method for Testing the Sensitivity ofBotryotinia fuckelianato AnilinopyrimidinesIn VitroPesticide Science, 1996
- Recent Developments in the Mode of Action of FungicidesPesticide Science, 1996
- FRAC METHODS FOR MONITORING THE SENSITIVITY OF BOTRYTIS CINEREA TO ANILINO PYRIMIDINE FUNGICIDESEPPO Bulletin, 1996
- Effect of fenpiclonil on phosphorylation of glucose in Fusarium sulphureumPesticide Science, 1995
- Postharvest Control ofBotrytis cinereaon Cut Rose Flowers with PyrrolnitrinPlant Disease, 1993
- Fungicide resistance: definitions and use of termsEPPO Bulletin, 1985
- A Method of Computing the Effectiveness of an InsecticideJournal of Economic Entomology, 1925