Interaction between HIV Type 1 Glycoprotein 120 and CXCR4 Coreceptor Involves a Highly Conserved Arginine Residue in Hypervariable Region 3
- 20 November 2000
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Mary Ann Liebert Inc in AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
- Vol. 16 (17), 1821-1829
- https://doi.org/10.1089/08892220050195784
Abstract
Several seven-transmembrane chemokine receptors are known to function as entry coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1. CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors for non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) and syncytium-inducing (SI) viruses, respectively. During the natural course of infection, the emergence of variants with a phenotypic transition from NSI to SI and rapid disease progression is associated with expanded coreceptor usage to CXCR4. Characteristic amino acids at several positions in the hypervariable region 3 (V3) of gp120 have been linked to CXCR4 utilization. Previously, we reported that a highly conserved arginine residue of V3 played an important role in CCR5 utilization. In this study, the possible involvement of the same arginine residue in CXCR4 utilization was investigated. Amino acid substitutions introduced to this arginine on R5X4 viruses were found to have a significant effect on their utilization of CXCR4. These results, taken together with those reported previously, suggest that this highly conserved arginine may contribute to the functional convergence of chemokine coreceptor utilization by human immunodeficiency viruses and may represent a unique target for future antiviral design.Keywords
This publication has 57 references indexed in Scilit:
- Co-receptors for HIV-1 entryCurrent Opinion in Immunology, 1997
- Change in Coreceptor Use Correlates with Disease Progression in HIV-1–Infected IndividualsThe Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1997
- A Dual-Tropic Primary HIV-1 Isolate That Uses Fusin and the β-Chemokine Receptors CKR-5, CKR-3, and CKR-2b as Fusion CofactorsCell, 1996
- HIV-1 Entry Cofactor: Functional cDNA Cloning of a Seven-Transmembrane, G Protein-Coupled ReceptorScience, 1996
- HIV and the 7-Transmembrane Domain ReceptorsPathobiology, 1996
- Contribution of Hypervariable Domains to the Conformation of a Broadly Neutralizing Glycoprotein 120 EpitopeAIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 1995
- Genetic Analysis of HIV-1 during Rapid Progression to AIDS in an Apparently Healthy ManAIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 1994
- Biologic Features of HIV-1 That Correlate with Virulence in the HostScience, 1988
- REPLICATIVE CAPACITY OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS FROM PATIENTS WITH VARYING SEVERITY OF HIV INFECTIONThe Lancet, 1986
- HTLV-III, LAV, ARV are variants of same AIDS virusNature, 1985