Structure-Based Rational Design of Novel Inhibitors Against Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase from Candida albicans
- 16 May 2017
- journal article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
- Vol. 57 (6), 1426-1438
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.6b00763
Abstract
Class II fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases (FBA-II) are attractive new targets for the discovery of drugs to combat invasive fungal infection, because they are absent in animals and higher plants. Although several FBA-II inhibitors have been reported, none of these inhibitors exhibit antifungal effect so far. In this study, several novel inhibitors of FBA-II from C. albicans (Ca-FBA-II) with potent antifungal effects were rationally designed by jointly using a specific protocols of molecular docking-based virtual screening, accurate binding-conformation evaluation strategy, synthesis and enzymatic assays. The enzymatic assays reveal that the compounds 3c, 3e-g, 3j and 3k exhibit high inhibitory activity against Ca-FBA-II (IC50 < 10 μM), and the most potential inhibitor is 3g, with IC50 value of 2.7 μM. Importantly, the compounds 3f, 3g, and 3l possess not only high inhibitions against Ca-FBA-II, but also moderate antifungal activities against C. glabrata (MIC80 = 4-64 μg/mL). The compounds 3g, 3l, and 3k in combination with fluconazole (8 μg/mL) displayed significantly synergistic antifungal activities (MIC80 < 0.0625 μg/mL) against resistant Candida strains, which are resistant to azoles drugs. The probable binding modes between 3g and the active site of Ca-FBA-II have been proposed by using the DOX (docking, ONIOM, and XO) strategy. To our knowledge, no FBA-II inhibitors with antifungal activities against wild type and resistant strains from Candida were reported previously. The positive results suggest that the strategy adopted in this study are a promising method for the discovery of novel drugs against azole-resistant fungal pathogens in the future.Keywords
Funding Information
- Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (CCNU14A05006, CCNU16A02041, IRT0953)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21202056, 21272089, 21373094, 21472061, 21572077)
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