The USSR has the world's richest endowment of forest resources. Its total growing stock volume accounts for over 22% and that of conifers for over 53% of the world's totals. Relative to Canada, the USSR is 2.2 times larger in area, has roughly 3 times the forested land and its growing stock is 3.7 times larger. The volume of Soviet growing stock in larch alone is slightly larger than Canada's total. Forests occupy over 36% of the USSR and about 55% of this is considered accessible. Over 60% of the growing stock volume is mature and overmature. Most of the forest resources are east of the Ural Mountains. The Uralo-European part, which supports 74% of the population, accounts for 25.5% of the forested area and 27.3% of the growing stock. Fifty-one percent of the total allowable cut in the accessible and potentially accessible forests is utilized, but only 39% of the total wood volume on all the forested land. Only 35% of the total mean annual increment is utilized. Currently, the USSR regenerates annually an area larger than it clearcuts. Establishment of highly efficient spruce monocultures in close proximity to the existing pulp and paper mills in the Uralo-European part of the country is strongly emphasized. Key words: Accessibility, actual cut, allowable cut, forest land, forest regeneration forest resourses inventory, geographical distribution, growing stock, mean annual increment, species, tenure, USSR.