Artificial neural network optimizes self-examination of osteoporosis risk in women

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the application of an artificial neural network (ANN) in optimizing the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) score. OSTA score was calculated for each female participant that underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry examination in two hospitals (one in each of two Chinese cities, Harbin and Ningbo). An ANN model was built using age and weight as input and femoral neck T-score as output. Osteoporosis risk screening by joint application of ANN and OSTA score was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Nearly 90% of women with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-determined femoral neck osteoporosis were ≥60 years old. The ANN with age and weight as input and OSTA score both identified osteoporosis, with respective accuracy rates of 78.8% and 78.3%. However, both methods failed to identify osteoporosis in women < 60 years old. Compared with OSTA score alone, combined use of the two tools increased the rate of osteoporosis recognition among women > 80 years old. OSTA score-mediated osteoporosis risk screening should be restricted to women ≥60 years old. Joint application of ANN and OSTA improved osteoporosis risk screening among Chinese women > 80 years old.