Dietary transition stages based on eating patterns and diet quality among Haitians of Montreal, Canada
- 1 May 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in Public Health Nutrition
- Vol. 10 (5), 454-463
- https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007222931
Abstract
ObjectivesTo identify dietary transition stages based on dietary patterns of adult Haitians having lived in Montreal for various lengths of time, and to assess associated dietary quality.SubjectsOne hundred and eighty-one Haitians aged 25–60 years were recruited by the modified random digit dialling method.DesignSocio-economic, diet and lifestyle variables were documented by questionnaire. Three non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted over a 3-month period. Dietary patterns were studied using cluster analysis, and their association with proportion of lifetime in Canada and with socio-economic status (SES) was examined. Diet quality criteria were micronutrient adequacy and healthfulness based on dietary recommendations of the World Health Organization.ResultsFour dietary phenotypes were identified which could roughly represent stages of dietary transition or acculturation (Traditional, Pre-Western, Western and Modern). Subjects in the ‘Traditional’ cluster were older and had lived for a significantly lower proportion of their lifetime in Canada; they also tended to be of lower SES. Diet quality was significantly higher in the ‘Traditional’ than the ‘Western’ type, particularly with respect to healthfulness. A significantly lower proportion of subjects complying with limited intake of total fat ( < 30%) and cholesterol ( < 45%) was observed in the ‘Western’ compared with other diet phenotypes. Less than 15% of all subjects consumed enough dietary fibre, irrespective of diet type.ConclusionDietary transition stages could be identified on the basis of food patterns of Haitians according to the proportion of their lifetime in Canada. Encouraging the youth to retain the traditional food culture in its positive aspects would appear relevant.Keywords
This publication has 38 references indexed in Scilit:
- Dietary patterns and health outcomesJournal of the American Dietetic Association, 2004
- An overview on the nutrition transition and its health implications: the Bellagio meetingPublic Health Nutrition, 2002
- Population studies of diet and obesity.British Journal of Nutrition, 2000
- Food patterns defined by cluster analysis and their utility as dietary exposure variables: a report from the Malmö Diet and Cancer StudyPublic Health Nutrition, 2000
- Accuracy of Energy Intake Data Estimated by a Multiplepass, 24-hour Dietary Recall TechniqueJournal of the American Dietetic Association, 2000
- Dietary Patterns of Adults in Québec and their Nutritional AdequacyCanadian Journal of Public Health, 1998
- Indexes of Overall Diet QualityJournal of the American Dietetic Association, 1996
- Diet quality index: Capturing a multidimensional behaviorJournal of the American Dietetic Association, 1994
- Nutritional factors and pancreatic cancer in the francophone community in montréal, CanadaInternational Journal of Cancer, 1991
- Dietary change and plasma glucose levels in an Amerindian population undergoing cultural transitionSocial Science & Medicine, 1987