Dairy Foods in a Moderate Energy Restricted Diet Do Not Enhance Central Fat, Weight, and Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue Losses nor Reduce Adipocyte Size or Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Controlled Feeding Study
Open Access
- 1 January 2011
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Hindawi Limited in Journal of Obesity
- Vol. 2011, 1-14
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/989657
Abstract
Background. Research on dairy foods to enhance weight and fat loss when incorporated into a modest weight loss diet has had mixed results.Objective. A 15-week controlled feeding study to determine if dairy foods enhance central fat and weight loss when incorporated in a modest energy restricted diet of overweight and obese adults.Design. A 3-week run-in to establish energy needs; a 12-week 500 kcal/d energy reduction with 71 low-dairy-consuming overweight and obese adults randomly assigned to diets: ≤1 serving dairy/d (low dairy, LD) or ≤4 servings dairy/d (adequate dairy, AD). All foods were weighed and provided by the metabolic kitchen. Weight, fat, intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) macrophage number, SAT inflammatory gene expression, and circulating cytokines were measured.Results. No diet differences were observed in weight, fat, or IAAT loss; nor SAT mRNA expression of inflammation, circulating cytokines, fasting lipids, glucose, or insulin. There was a significant increase () in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the AD group.Conclusion. Whether increased dairy intake during weight loss results in greater weight and fat loss for individuals with metabolic syndrome deserves investigation. Assessment of appetite, hunger, and satiety with followup on weight regain should be considered.
Keywords
Funding Information
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (5306-51530-006-00D, 5306-51530-016-00D, UL1 RR024146)
This publication has 37 references indexed in Scilit:
- Milk supplementation facilitates appetite control in obese women during weight loss: a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled trialBritish Journal of Nutrition, 2010
- Dietary Calcium Intake Is Associated With Less Gain in Intra‐Abdominal Adipose Tissue Over 1 YearObesity, 2010
- Comparison of the effects of cows' milk, fortified soy milk, and calcium supplement on weight and fat loss in premenopausal overweight and obese womenNutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2010
- Regulation of abdominal adiposity by probiotics (Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055) in adults with obese tendencies in a randomized controlled trialEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2010
- Effects of dairy compared with soy on oxidative and inflammatory stress in overweight and obese subjectsThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2010
- Dairy-Rich Diets Augment Fat Loss on an Energy-Restricted Diet: A Multicenter TrialNutrients, 2009
- Circulating Markers of Inflammation and Their Link to Indices of AdiposityObesity Facts, 2008
- Influence of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation on Weight and Fat Loss in Obese WomenObesity Facts, 2008
- Role of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) expression and 1α, 25‐dihydroxyvitamin D 3 in modulating adipocyte apoptosisThe FASEB Journal, 2004
- 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3inhibits uncoupling protein 2 expression in human adipocytesThe FASEB Journal, 2002