Cadmium bioavailability and bioaccessibility as determined by in vitro digestion, dialysis and intestinal epithelial monolayers, and compared to in vivo data
- 17 July 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
- Vol. 42 (9), 1283-1291
- https://doi.org/10.1080/10934520701435544
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare in vivo estimates of Cd bioavailability in two diet materials (lettuce and durum wheat grain) with bioaccessibility estimates from three in vitro methods. For both dietary materials, the Cd was either incorporated during growth or applied topically as a soluble salt just prior to experimentation. Simulated gastric/intestinal digestion using a physiologically based extraction technique (PBET) solubilized less than 56% (lettuce) or 13% (grain) of the Cd that was either incorporated into the plant tissues during growth, or added to the plant tissues before experimentation, as Cd(NO3)2 · H2O. Amended diets could not be distinguished from incorporated diets. More of the Cd solubilized from amended lettuce than from incorporated lettuce moved to the outside of MWCO 10 kD and 25 kD dialysis sacs; no difference between the amended and incorporated diets was observed for grain. The percentage of lettuce-Cd solubilized by the PBET and sorbed by Caco-2 cells was greater for incorporated than for amended lettuce; for Cd in grain, the reverse occurred. As expected, none of the in vitro estimates of bioaccessibility were the same percentage of Cd in the lettuce or grain as was measured as bioavailable in vivo. The in vitro assays all predicted that substantially less than 100% of the Cd in the foods would be bioavailable, as was identified in vivo, and simulating intestinal selectivity improved the comparison to in vivo. Some of the in vitro assays identified subtle differences between the diets (i.e., amended vs. incorporated) that were consistent with in vivo studies, and with speculated differences in Cd speciation; this suggests their potential usefulness for the study of modifiers to dietary Cd bioavailability.Keywords
This publication has 23 references indexed in Scilit:
- The effect of pharmacologically altered gastric pH on cadmium absorption from the diet and its accumulation in murine tissuesFood and Chemical Toxicology, 2005
- Marginal nutritional status of zinc, iron, and calcium increases cadmium retention in the duodenum and other organs of rats fed rice-based dietsEnvironmental Research, 2004
- Development of an In Vitro Digestion Model for Estimating the Bioaccessibility of Soil ContaminantsArchives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2003
- In Vitro Intestinal Lead Uptake and Transport in Relation to SpeciationArchives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2003
- Lead Speciation in Artificial Human Digestive FluidArchives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2003
- A physiological approach for preparing and conducting intestinal bioavailability studies using experimental systemsFood Chemistry, 2002
- An in vitro method for the estimation of ileal crude protein and amino acids digestibility using the dialysis tubing for pig feedstuffsAnimal Feed Science and Technology, 2000
- Advances in Evaluating the Oral Bioavailability of Inorganics in Soil for Use in Human Health Risk AssessmentEnvironmental Science & Technology, 1999
- An In Vitro Gastrointestinal Method To Estimate Bioavailable Arsenic in Contaminated Soils and Solid MediaEnvironmental Science & Technology, 1999
- Metals and micronutrients – food safety issuesField Crops Research, 1999