Immune life history, vaccination, and the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 over the next 5 years
Open Access
- 13 November 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Science
- Vol. 370 (6518), 811-818
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd7343
Abstract
The future trajectory of the Covid-19 pandemic hinges on the dynamics of adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV2; however, salient features of the immune response elicited by natural infection or vaccination are still uncertain. We use simple epidemiological models to explore estimates for the magnitude and timing of future Covid-19 cases given different protective efficacy and duration of the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2, as well as its interaction with vaccines and nonpharmaceutical interventions. We find that variations in the immune response to primary SARS-CoV-2 infections and a potential vaccine can lead to dramatically different immune landscapes and burdens of critically severe cases, ranging from sustained epidemics to near elimination. Our findings illustrate likely complexities in future Covid-19 dynamics, and highlight the importance of immunological characterization beyond the measurement of active infections for adequately projecting the immune landscape generated by SARS-CoV-2 infections.Funding Information
- National Science Foundation (CNS-2027908)
- National Science Foundation (CCF1917819)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- Life Sciences Research Foundation
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- C3.ai Digital Transformation Institute (c3.ai10012726)
- Flu Lab
- Cooperative Institute for Modelling the Earth System
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