Metformin improves postprandial glucose homeostasis in rainbow trout fed dietary carbohydrates: a link with the induction of hepatic lipogenic capacities?
- 1 September 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Physiological Society in American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Vol. 297 (3), R707-R715
- https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00120.2009
Abstract
Carnivorous fish are poor users of dietary carbohydrates and are considered to be glucose intolerant. In this context, we have tested, for the first time in rainbow trout, metformin, a common anti-diabetic drug, known to modify muscle and liver metabolism and to control hyperglycemia in mammals. In the present study, juvenile trout were fed with very high levels of carbohydrates (30% of the diet) for this species during 10 days followed by feeding with pellets supplemented with metformin (0.25% of the diet) for three additional days. Dietary metformin led to a significant reduction in postprandial glycemia in trout, demonstrating unambiguously the hypoglycemic effect of this drug. No effect of metformin was detected on mRNA levels for glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), or enzymes involved in glycolysis, mitochondrial energy metabolism, or on glycogen level in the white muscle. Expected inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenic (glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and phospho enolpyruvate carboxykinase) mRNA levels was not found, showing instead paradoxically higher mRNA levels for these genes after drug treatment. Finally, metformin treatment was associated with higher mRNA levels and activities for lipogenic enzymes (fatty acid synthase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase). Overall, this study strongly supports that the induction of hepatic lipogenesis by dietary glucose may permit a more efficient control of postprandial glycemia in carnivorous fish fed with high carbohydrate diets.Keywords
This publication has 54 references indexed in Scilit:
- Growth performance and metabolic utilization of diets with native and waxy maize starch by gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juvenilesAquaculture, 2008
- Fuel use during glycogenesis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykissWalbaum) white muscle studiedin vitroJournal of Experimental Biology, 2006
- Mitochondrial β‐oxidationJBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2004
- Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin actionJCI Insight, 2001
- A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCRNucleic Acids Research, 2001
- Lack of significant long-term effect of dietary carbohydrates on hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2000
- NUTRITIONAL AND HORMONAL REGULATION OF ENZYMES IN FAT SYNTHESIS: Studies of Fatty Acid Synthase and Mitochondrial Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase Gene TranscriptionAnnual Review of Nutrition, 1998
- Utilization of dietary carbohydrate by fishAquaculture, 1994
- Effects of metformin on plasma insulin, glucose metabolism and protein synthesis in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)Aquaculture, 1989
- Change of blood sugar and plasma insulin levels of fishes in glucose tolerance test.NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI, 1981