Inhibited Cr(VI) Reduction by Aqueous Fe(II) under Hyperalkaline Conditions

Abstract

This study investigated Cr(VI) reduction by dissolved Fe(II) in hyperalkaline pH conditions as found in fluid wastes associated with the U.S. nuclear weapons program. The results show that Cr(VI) reduction by Fe(II) at alkaline pH solutions proceeds very quickly. The amount of Cr(VI) removed from solution and the amount reduced increases with Fe(II):Cr(VI) ratio. However, the Cr(VI) reduction under alkaline pH condition is nonstoichiometric, probably due to Fe(II) precipitation and mixed iron(III)−chromium(III) (oxy)hydroxides blocking Fe(II) surface sites, as well as removing Fe(II) from solution through O₂ oxidation. After Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III), it precipitated out as mixed Fe_xCr_1-xO₃(solids) and various Fe(III) precipitates with an overall Cr:Fe ratio of 1:3; all Cr remaining in the solution phase was unreduced Cr(VI). EXAFS data showed that Cr−O and Cr−Cr distances in the precipitates equal to 1.98 and 3.01 Å, respectively, consistent with the spinel-type structure as chromite.