Alleviation of Cadmium Toxicity in Brassica juncea L. (Czern. & Coss.) by Calcium Application Involves Various Physiological and Biochemical Strategies
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 28 January 2015
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Public Library of Science (PLoS) in PLOS ONE
- Vol. 10 (1), e0114571
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114571
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) plays important role in plant development and response to various environmental stresses. However, its involvement in mitigation of heavy metal stress in plants remains elusive. In this study, we examined the effect of Ca (50 mM) in controlling cadmium (Cd) uptake in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants exposed to toxic levels of Cd (200 mg L−1 and 300 mg L−1). The Cd treatment showed substantial decrease in plant height, root length, dry weight, pigments and protein content. Application of Ca improved the growth and biomass yield of the Cd-stressed mustard seedlings. More importantly, the oil content of mustard seeds of Cd-stressed plants was also enhanced with Ca treatment. Proline was significantly increased in mustard plants under Cd stress, and exogenously sprayed Ca was found to have a positive impact on proline content in Cd-stressed plants. Different concentrations of Cd increased lipid peroxidation but the application of Ca minimized it to appreciable level in Cd-treated plants. Excessive Cd treatment enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase, which were further enhanced by the addition of Ca. Additionally, Cd stress caused reduced uptake of essential elements and increased Cd accumulation in roots and shoots. However, application of Ca enhanced the concentration of essential elements and decreased Cd accumulation in Cd-stressed plants. Our results indicated that application of Ca enables mustard plant to withstand the deleterious effect of Cd, resulting in improved growth and seed quality of mustard plants.Keywords
This publication has 57 references indexed in Scilit:
- Modeling and analysis of soybean (Glycine max. L) Cu/Zn, Mn and Fe superoxide dismutasesGenetics and Molecular Biology, 2013
- Interaction of Brassinosteroids and Polyamines Enhances Copper Stress Tolerance in Raphanus SativusJournal of Experimental Botany, 2012
- Effect of Calcium and Potassium on Antioxidant System of Vicia faba L. Under Cadmium StressInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2012
- Chromium Stress Mitigation by Polyamine-Brassinosteroid Application Involves Phytohormonal and Physiological Strategies in Raphanus sativus L.PLOS ONE, 2012
- Interactive effect of calcium and gibberellin on nickel tolerance in relation to antioxidant systems in Triticum aestivum L.Protoplasma, 2010
- Antioxidant defense system, lipid peroxidation, proline-metabolizing enzymes, and biochemical activities in two Morus alba genotypes subjected to NaCl stressRussian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2010
- Cadmium-induced inflammatory responses in cells relevant for lung toxicity: Expression and release of cytokines in fibroblasts, epithelial cells and macrophagesToxicology Letters, 2010
- Conformational changes of calmodulin upon Ca 2+ binding studied with a microfluidic mixerProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008
- Plant proteases, protein degradation, and oxidative stress: role of peroxisomesPlant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2002
- A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye bindingAnalytical Biochemistry, 1976