Efficiency of antituberculosis measures in the improvement of tuberculosis control in Ukraine

Abstract

The study was aimed to estimate positive aspects and lacks of tuberculosis (TB) control in Ukraine on the basis of analysis of reports of antituberculosis dispensaries in 2012–2017 years. Positive changes in an epidemic situation on ТB in 2012–2017 were marked by an increase of the detectability percent of patients with ТB by sputum smear and culture, an increase of percent of clinical recovery of patients, reduction in ТB sick rate among medical workers, and, as a result, reduction of the incidence of all forms the first registered patients with ТB and pulmonary ТB, multidrugresistant tuberculosis (MR TB), reduction of the mortality and prevalence of all forms of active ТB among all population. It was established that the efficiency of antituberculosis measures was insufficient. In particular, the percent of prophylactic fluorography inspections of adults and children was too low as was low the level of scope the inoculation of children bellow 1 year and revaccination. The study revealed an unsatisfactory level of chemoprophylaxis; insufficiency of infectious control in establishments; efficiency of treatment of patients with pulmonary TB and patients with multidrugresistant tuberculosis falls short of to the WHO indicators at the height of percent of patients with the interrupted and failed treatment. The level of mortality and death rate remains high. Priority tasks for the achievement of aims of the new social program for tuberculosis control in Ukraine during the reform of the system of health protection to the patients with ТB are introduction of new models of treatment with an accent on ambulatory treatment, short courses of treatment and new preparations, patient-oriented approach for treatment of patients, providing of social support of patients on the stage of ambulatory treatment with the purpose of an increase of adherence of patient to treatment by attracting of civil society. Keywords: tuberculosis, antituberculosis measures, treatment, detection, prevention. For citation: Feshchenko YuI, Melnyk VM, Matusevych VH, Novozhylova IO, Bushura IV. Efficiency of antituberculosis measures in the improvement of tuberculosis control in Ukraine. Journal of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. 2019;25(4):457–62.