Diet and Exercise Intervention have Favourable Effects on Blood Pressure in Mild Hypertensives: The Oslo Diet and Exercise Study (ODES)
- 1 January 1995
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Blood Pressure
- Vol. 4 (6), 343-349
- https://doi.org/10.3109/08037059509077619
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 1-year diet intervention, exercise intervention and both combined on blood pressure (BP) in normotensives and mild hypertensives. Two hundred and nineteen sedentary middle aged men and women with slightly deranged coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors were randomised to a control, a diet, an exercise and a diet + exercise group. Based on baseline diastolic BP, participants were divided into tertiles, giving baseline average BP of 141.4/96.7 in tertile 1, 130.7/87.6 in tertile 2 and 121.9/79.0 in tertile 3. The 1-year net-difference in BP between the intervention groups and the control group decreased across the tertiles; in tertile 1 being -11.2/-6.7 (p < 0.05), -11.3/-6.7 (p < 0.05 for systolic BP only) and -7.0/-5.1 (NS) in the combined, diet and exercise group respectively. Triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and insulin variables were significantly and favourably changed, the changes being most marked in the combined group. The results show that diet and diet + exercise are about equally effective in reducing BP, and the effects may be dependent on the baseline level. Within the upper tertile of baseline BP, the decline in BP in the combined intervention and the diet group are almost comparable to those obtained with drug treatment. In addition, other important CHD risk factors were all changed in a beneficial direction.Keywords
This publication has 20 references indexed in Scilit:
- Exercise and Diet in the Prevention and Control of the Metabolic SyndromeSports Medicine, 1994
- Antihypertensive Effects of Aerobic ExerciseAmerican Journal of Hypertension, 1994
- Diet and exercise are equally effective in reducing risk for cardiovascular disease. Results of a randomized controlled study in men with slightly to moderately raised cardiovascular risk factorsAtherosclerosis, 1993
- The Oslo Diet and Exercise Study (ODES): Design and objectivesControlled Clinical Trials, 1993
- The Fifth Report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC V)Archives of Internal Medicine, 1993
- Does physical activity lower blood pressure: A critical review of the clinical trialsJournal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1992
- Long-term effectiveness of nonpharmacological treatment of hypertension.Hypertension, 1991
- Effect of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids on Blood Pressure in HypertensionNew England Journal of Medicine, 1990
- Antihypertensive effect of diet compared with drug treatment in obese men with mild hypertension.BMJ, 1989
- Blood pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The Framingham Study--30 years of follow-up.Hypertension, 1989