A Reevaluation of the Host Range and Geographical Distribution of Claviceps Species in the United States
Open Access
- 1 January 2004
- journal article
- Published by Scientific Societies in Plant Disease
- Vol. 88 (1), 63-81
- https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.1.63
Abstract
A listing of host and state reports and distribution maps for 11 taxa of Claviceps occurring in the United States, including C. africana, C. cinerea, C. grohii, C. nigricans, C. paspali, C. pusilla, C. purpurea var. purpurea and var. spartinae, C. tripsaci, C. yanagawensis, and C. zizaniae, was prepared based on literature citations and examination of specimens from herbaria. The occurrence of C. ranunculoides is questioned based on examination of conidia and sclerotia from archived specimens. Collections of C. purpurea var. purpurea from grasses in the Pani-coideae were referred to other Claviceps spp. based on occurrence of macroconidia and micro-conidia. C. purpurea var. purpurea was found on 165 grass species within the continental United States and Alaska. The size of conidia of C. purpurea var. purpurea was found to be relatively stable across host and geographical regions. However, conidia of C. purpurea var. purpurea from hosts in the Aveneae and Meliceae (generally associated with wet habitats) were more variable in size and generally larger than those from other tribes in the Pooideae. Claviceps spp. in the continental United States occurred in diverse habitats, including temperate grasslands of the middle to northern latitudes (C. purpurea var. purpurea, C. nigricans) to the middle to southern latitudes (C. pusilla), coastal habitats (C. purpurea var. spartinae, C. ziza-niae), northern wetlands (C. grohii), southern temperate to subtropical grasslands (C. africana, C. paspali, C. tripsaci, C. yanagawensis), and arid southwestern grasslands (C. cinerea).Keywords
This publication has 53 references indexed in Scilit:
- The phylogeny and evolution of the genus ClavicepsMycological Research, 2001
- Ergot: A New Disease Threat to Sorghum in the Americas and AustraliaPlant Disease, 1998
- Diseases of alternative crops in MissouriCanadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 1993
- First Report on Formation of Sclerotia ofClaviceps purpureaon Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)Plant Disease, 1992
- Assessment of Ergot and Blind Seed Diseases of Grasses in the Willamette Valley of OregonPlant Disease, 1991
- Evidence for the genotypic control of spore size in Claviceps purpureaTransactions of the British Mycological Society, 1974
- Major alkaloids of a Claviceps isolated from toxic Bermuda grassJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1974
- Conidial evidence for host restriction in Claviceps purpureaTransactions of the British Mycological Society, 1971
- Some effects of temperature on germination and longevity of sclerotia in Claviceps purpureaTransactions of the British Mycological Society, 1968
- Use of the honeydew state in the identification of ergot speciesTransactions of the British Mycological Society, 1964