Angle-resolved photoemission determination of the band structure and multielectron excitations in Ni

Abstract

Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy utilizing polarized synchrotron radiation has been used to determine the electronic energy states of Ni. The dispersion of the $\mathrm{sp}$ band and all of the high-symmetry points in the Ni band structure have been determined. The linewidth in the spectra from the various high-symmetry points is used to estimate the magnitude of the exchange splitting throughout the $d$ band. The measured $d$-band width is 30% smaller than predicted by calculations whereas the $\mathrm{sp}$-band width agrees within 10%. Several peaks in the photoelectron spectra which appear between 6 and 27 eV below the Fermi energy are shown to originate from multielectron excitations.