Tomographic phase-space mapping of intense particle beams using solenoids

Abstract

Tomography based on quadrupole scans has been successfully applied to reconstruct the phase space of intense charged particle beams. This letter develops a tomographic technique based on solenoid scans, which is advantageous for solenoidal systems and injectors. The technique is generalized to the diagnosis of beams that are not axisymmetric, and validated through simulation. Solenoidal tomography is applied experimentally to a system with a nonequilibrium initial distribution, demonstrating its detailed evolution in phase space.