This paper describes two large natural disasters that occurred in the Caribbean and Central America during 1998, Hurricanes Georges and Mitch, and the U.S. Government's response to each event. These two extensive disasters were used as case studies to assess the overall capacity of the Department of Defense to respond to large-scale natural disasters as part of an international effort. The study identifies areas within the DoD that need improvement, and recommends specific measures to enhance the U.S. Government response capabilities for future humanitarian assistance operations.