Epigenetics of kidney cancer and bladder cancer
- 1 February 2011
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Future Medicine Ltd in Epigenomics
- Vol. 3 (1), 19-34
- https://doi.org/10.2217/epi.10.64
Abstract
This article focuses on the epigenetic alterations of aberrant promoter hypermethylation of genes, and histone modifications or RNA interference in cancer cells. Current knowledge of the hypermethylation of allele(s) in classical tumor suppressor genes in inherited and sporadic cancer, candidate tumor suppressor and other cancer genes is summarized gene by gene. Global and array-based studies of tumor cell hypermethylation are discussed. The importance of standardization of scoring of the methylation status of a gene is highlighted. The histone marks associated with hypermethylated genes, and the miRNAs with dysregulated expression, in kidney or bladder tumor cells are also discussed. Kidney cancer has the highest mortality rate of the genito–urinary cancers. There are management issues associated with the high recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer, while muscle-invasive bladder cancer has a poor prognosis. These clinical problems are the basis for the translational application of gene hypermethylation in the diagnosis and prognosis of kidney and bladder cancer.Keywords
This publication has 144 references indexed in Scilit:
- Identification of candidate tumour suppressor genes frequently methylated in renal cell carcinomaOncogene, 2010
- Systematic sequencing of renal carcinoma reveals inactivation of histone modifying genesNature, 2010
- Functional epigenomics approach to identify methylated candidate tumour suppressor genes in renal cell carcinomaBritish Journal of Cancer, 2008
- High-throughput oncogene mutation profiling in human cancerNature Genetics, 2007
- Mutations in BHD and TP53 genes, but not in HNF1β gene, in a large series of sporadic chromophobe renal cell carcinomaBritish Journal of Cancer, 2006
- Methylation of tumour suppressor genes APAF-1 and DAPK-1 and in vitro effects of demethylating agents in bladder and kidney cancerBritish Journal of Cancer, 2006
- Regional copy number–independent deregulation of transcription in cancerNature Genetics, 2006
- Are microRNAs located in genomic regions associated with cancer?British Journal of Cancer, 2006
- Loss of acetylation at Lys16 and trimethylation at Lys20 of histone H4 is a common hallmark of human cancerNature Genetics, 2005
- Aberrant CpG-island methylation has non-random and tumour-type–specific patternsNature Genetics, 2000