Correlations between Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Retrospective Histochemical Images in Experimental Cerebral Infarction

Abstract

Evaluation of ischemic brain injury in experimental cerebral infarction in gerbils and rats was performed by means of both proton nuclear magnetic resonance imaging ([¹H]NMR-CT) and various histochemical analyses. In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was carried out employing saturation recovery, inversion recovery, and spin echo pulse sequences. Spatial resolution of the images was excellent. The ischemic lesions were detected with a remarkable contrast in inversion recovery and spin echo images within a few hours after insult. Those changes in NMR images consistently corresponded with the various retrospective histochemical observations, especially with methods related to brain edema (K⁺ staining) rather than structural (enzymatic) studies. Calculated T1 and T2 relaxation times indicated the evolution of the edema state in the brain in situ. They correlated excellently with the retrospective water content measurement. As a result, detailed characterization of the edema state induced by cerebral ischemia was possible in vivo using [¹H]NMR imaging.