Mechanics and mechano-biology of fracture healing in normal and osteoporotic bone
- 15 September 2004
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Osteoporosis International
- Vol. 16 (S02), S36-S43
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-004-1728-9
Abstract
Fracture repair, which aims at regaining the functional competence of a bone, is a complex and multifactorial process. For the success of fracture repair biology and mechanics are of immense importance. The biological and mechanical environments must be compatible with the processes of cell and tissue proliferation and differentiation. The biological environment is characterized by the vascular supply and by many biochemical components, the biochemical milieu. A good vascular supply is a prerequisite for the initiation of the fracture repair process. The biochemical milieu involves complex interactions among local and systemic regulatory factors such as growth factors or cytokines. The mechanical environment is determined by the local stress and strain within the fracture. However, the local stress and strain is not accessible, and the mechanical environment, therefore, is described by global mechanical factors, e.g., gap size or interfragmentary movement. The relationship between local stress and strain and the global mechanical factors can be obtained by numerical models (Finite Element Model). Moreover, there is considerable interaction between biological factors and mechanical factors, creating a biomechanical environment for the fracture healing process. The biomechanical environment is characterized by osteoblasts and osteocytes that sense the mechanical signal and express biological markers, which effect the repair process. This review will focus on the effects of biomechanical factors on fracture repair as well as the effects of age and osteoporosis.Keywords
This publication has 82 references indexed in Scilit:
- Impaired Angiogenesis in the AgedScience of Aging Knowledge Environment, 2004
- Biomechanical evaluation of healing in a non‐critical defect in a large animal model of osteoporosisJournal of Orthopaedic Research, 2003
- Aging and angiogenesisFrontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, 2003
- Systemic Regulation of Distraction Osteogenesis: A Cascade of Biochemical FactorsJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2002
- Sustained expression of transforming growth factor-β1 by distraction during distraction osteogenesisLife Sciences, 2002
- Predictors of outcome of floating knee injuries in adults: 89 patients followed for 2-12 yearsActa Orthopaedica, 2001
- Expression of Bone Matrix Proteins mRNA During Distraction OsteogenesisJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 1998
- Local tissue properties in bone healing: Influence of size and stability of the osteotomy gapJournal of Orthopaedic Research, 1998
- Distraction Bone Healing Versus Osteotomy Healing: A Comparative Biochemical AnalysisJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 1998
- Involvement of different ion channels in osteoblasts' and osteocytes' early responses to mechanical strainBone, 1996