Electrochemical Growth of Highly Oriented Organic−Inorganic Superlattices Using Solid-Supported Multilamellar Membranes as Templates

Abstract

Controllable depositing of relatively thick inorganic sublayers into organic templates to fabricate organic−inorganic superlattices is of great importance. We report a novel approach to fabricating phospholipid/Ni(OH)₂ superlattices by electrochemical deposition of the inorganic component into solid-supported multilamellar templates. The well-ordered and highly oriented multilamellar templates are produced by spreading small drops of lipid solution on silicon surfaces and letting the solvent evaporate slowly. The templates which are used as working electrodes preserve the lamellar structure in the electrolyte solution. The resulting superlattices are highly oriented. The thickness of the nickel hydroxide is controlled by the concentration of nickel ions in the electrolyte bath. The electron density profiles derived from the X-ray diffraction data reveal that the thickness of the nickel hydroxide sublayers increases from 15 to 27 Å as the concentration of nickel nitrate increases from 0.005 mol/L to 0.08 mol/L. We expect that the new method can be extended to depositing a variety of inorganic components including metals, oxides, and semiconductors.