In the last decade, the number of women in US jails has increased at an annual average of 7.0%. These women typically suffer from untreated, serious health problems. This participatory research project explored health problems and healthcare from the perspective of women incarcerated in a county detention facility located in the western US. A convenience sample of 78 inmates and former inmates participated in 10 focus groups. Using the constant comparative method, the data analysis revealed that they suffered from physical, mental, and iatrogenic health problems. Barriers to care included concerns about privacy and dignity as well as waiting time for treatment, co-payments, and concealing problems in order to obtain work opportunities. Women in the project identified solutions for these problems and analyzed why incarceration made them aware of previously ignored health concerns. The findings suggest the importance of further research with this vulnerable, hidden population.