Lost Productive Time and Cost Due to Common Pain Conditions in the US Workforce

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Abstract
Pain is a common human malady that spares no group and often impairs function. Pain occurs in a variety of forms, including monophasic events (eg, due to injury), chronic episodic conditions (eg, migraine headache), and chronic persistent problems (eg, persistent pain from arthritis). The broad-based impact of pain, especially among working-age populations, is likely to have significant cost implications. A number of studies have described the impact of pain disorders (migraine,1-10 tension-type headache,11,12 back pain,13-18 arthritis,19-23 and general musculoskeletal disorders)24,25 on work.