Characterization of molt‐inhibiting hormone (MIH) action on crustacean Y‐organ segments and dispersed cells in culture and a bioassay for MIH activity

Abstract

Ecdysteroid secretion in vitro by gland quarters and dispersed cells of ecdysial glands (Y‐organs) of the crab, Cancer antennarius Stimpson, was characterized. Optimum culture conditions are reported for maximum, sustained (72 hr) secretion and maintenance of cell viability in activated Y‐organs obtained from de‐eyestalked donors. Addition in vitro of eyestalk ganglia extracts containing the putative molt‐inhibiting hormone (MIH) inhibited ecdysteroid production dose‐dependently in the range of 0.1–4.0 and 0.01–4.0 eyestalk equivalents of MIH for gland quarters and dispersed cells, respectively. Inhibition by MIH was reversible, tissue specific as to source of MIH activity, and did not affect cell viability relative to controls. The results of replicate incubations of gland quarters with MIH were analyzed with formal statistics of parallel‐line assay. The inhibitory action on ecdysteroid secretion is shown to be reproducibly linear and parallel in the dosage range, 0.1–4.0 eyestalk equivalents, amenable to calculation of relative potency among successive extracts, and of sufficiently high precision to serve as an MIH bioassay. Also, the results of these studies support the hypothesis that control of Y‐organs by the eyestalks is physiologically direct.