Friction-stir welding: microstructural characterization

Abstract
The microstructures of friction-stir welded aluminum alloys (1100 and 6061) are dominated by dynamic recrystallization. Friction-stir welding of 6061 aluminum to copper produced a complex, intercalated microstructure which was also dominated by dynamic recrystallization. The friction-stir welding process is characterized by extreme plastic deformation in the solid state; there is no associated melting.