Evolutionary theory is currently undergoing a healthy period of controversy and reexamination. Many issues are discussed by a relatively small number of specialists in particular fields. This paper attempts a brief outline of some of the major areas of contention, and indicates some current researchers, including a good number in Canadian institutions, who are contributing to the growing body of literature. The most contentious fields are (1) systematics, (2) biogeography, (3) paleontology, (4) community ecology, (5) molecular genetics, (6) development biology, (7) nonequilibrium thermodynamics, and (8) philosophy. Such widespread dissatisfaction with the current paradigm may presage the emergence of a new unified theory of evolution.