Vitamins K and D Status in Stages 3–5 Chronic Kidney Disease
Open Access
- 1 April 2010
- journal article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
- Vol. 5 (4), 590-597
- https://doi.org/10.2215/cjn.06420909
Abstract
Background and objectives: Vitamin K, vitamin K-dependent proteins, and vitamin D may be involved in the regulation of calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Design, setting, participants, & measurements: Vitamin K and D status was measured as dietary intake, plasma phylloquinone, serum percent uncarboxylated osteocalcin (%ucOC), proteins induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA-II), Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase single-nucleotide polymorphism, apolipoprotein E genotype, and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in 172 subjects with stage 3 to 5 CKD. Nutritional status was determined by subjective global assessment. Results: Subclinical vitamin K deficiency criteria was met by 6% (phylloquinone), 60% (%ucOC), and 97% (PIVKA-II) of subjects, whereas 58.3% and 8.6% had 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency, respectively. Dietary vitamin K intake was associated with higher phylloquinone and lower PIVKA-II. There were positive correlations between phylloquinone and the presence of stable weight, and the absence of subcutaneous fat loss or muscle wasting. 25(OH)D levels were positively associated with stable weight and albumin (P < 0.001). PIVKA-II levels were associated with apolipoprotein E genotype. Higher %ucOC and lower 25(OH)D were similarly associated with CKD stage, parameters of mineral metabolism, and urine albumin to creatinine ratio. Conclusions: These data indicate that a suboptimal vitamin K and D status is prevalent in patients with CKD. Sufficiency of both vitamins K and D was similarly predicted by measures of overall improved nutritional status. Proteinuria was associated with both a suboptimal vitamin D status as well as worse peripheral vitamin K status.Keywords
This publication has 34 references indexed in Scilit:
- Vitamin D Affects Survival Independently of Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney DiseaseClinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2009
- Prevalence and Associations of Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients With Stages 3 to 5 CKD Without Cardiovascular DiseaseAmerican Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2008
- Daily oral 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation for vitamin D deficiency in haemodialysis patients: effects on mineral metabolism and bone markersNephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2008
- Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in Chronic Kidney DiseaseJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2007
- Vitamin D levels and early mortality among incident hemodialysis patientsKidney International, 2007
- Multicenter Study of the Validity and Reliability of Subjective Global Assessment in the Hemodialysis PopulationJournal of Renal Nutrition, 2007
- Vitamin D DeficiencyNew England Journal of Medicine, 2007
- Combined genetic profiles of components and regulators of the vitamin K-dependent γ-carboxylation system affect individual sensitivity to warfarinThrombosis and Haemostasis, 2006
- Matrix Gla Protein Accumulates at the Border of Regions of Calcification and Normal Tissue in the Media of the Arterial Vessel WallBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2001
- Vitamin K Status and Bone Health: An Analysis of Methods for Determination of Undercarboxylated OsteocalcinJournal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1998