Soluble Corn Fiber Increases Calcium Absorption Associated with Shifts in the Gut Microbiome: A Randomized Dose-Response Trial in Free-Living Pubertal Females
- 1 July 2016
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Elsevier BV in Journal of Nutrition
- Vol. 146 (7), 1298-1306
- https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.115.227256
Abstract
Background: Soluble corn fiber (SCF; 12 g fiber/d) is shown to increase calcium absorption efficiency, associated with shifts in the gut microbiota in adolescent males and females who participated in a controlled feeding study. Objective: We evaluated the dose response of 0, 10, and 20 g fiber/d delivered by PROMITOR SCF 85 (85% fiber) on calcium absorption, biochemical bone properties, and the fecal microbiome in free-living adolescents. Methods: Healthy adolescent females (n = 28; aged 11–14 y) randomly assigned into a 3-phase, double-blind, crossover study consumed SCF for 4 wk at each dose (0, 10, and 20 g fiber/d from SCF) alongside their habitual diet and were followed by 3-d clinical visits and 3-wk washout periods. Stable isotope (44Ca and 43Ca) enrichment in pooled urine was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Fecal microbial community composition was assessed by high-throughput sequencing (Illumina) of polymerase chain reaction–amplified 16S rRNA genes. Mixed model ANOVA and Friedman analysis were used to determine effects of SCF on calcium absorption and to compare mean microbial proportions, respectively. Results: Calcium absorption increased significantly with 10 (13.3% ± 5.3%; P = 0.042) and 20 g fiber/d (12.9% ± 3.6%; P = 0.026) from SCF relative to control. Significant differences in fecal microbial community diversity were found after consuming SCF (operational taxonomic unit measures of 601.4 ± 83.5, 634.5 ± 83.8, and 649.6 ± 75.5 for 0, 10, and 20 g fiber/d, respectively; P < 0.05). Proportions of the genus Parabacteroides significantly increased with SCF dose (1.1% ± 0.8%, 2.1% ± 1.6%, and 3.0% ± 2.0% for 0, 10, and 20 g fiber/d from SCF, respectively; P < 0.05). Increases in calcium absorption positively correlated with increases in Clostridium (r = 0.44, P = 0.023) and unclassified Clostridiaceae (r = 0.40, P = 0.040). Conclusions: SCF, a nondigestible carbohydrate, increased calcium absorption in free-living adolescent females. Two groups of bacteria may be involved, one directly fermenting SCF and the second fermenting SCF metabolites further, thereby promoting increased calcium absorption. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01660503.Keywords
Funding Information
- Tate & Lyle Ingredients Americas LLC
This publication has 40 references indexed in Scilit:
- Soluble Fiber Dextrin and Soluble Corn Fiber Supplementation Modify Indices of Health in Cecum and Colon of Sprague-Dawley RatsNutrients, 2013
- An improved Greengenes taxonomy with explicit ranks for ecological and evolutionary analyses of bacteria and archaeaThe ISME Journal, 2011
- Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLASTBioinformatics, 2010
- Dominant and diet-responsive groups of bacteria within the human colonic microbiotaThe ISME Journal, 2010
- QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing dataNature Methods, 2010
- Estimation of Total Usual Calcium and Vitamin D Intakes in the United StatesJournal of Nutrition, 2010
- PyNAST: a flexible tool for aligning sequences to a template alignmentBioinformatics, 2009
- Complex Glycan Catabolism by the Human Gut Microbiota: The Bacteroidetes Sus-like ParadigmJournal of Biological Chemistry, 2009
- Fast UniFrac: facilitating high-throughput phylogenetic analyses of microbial communities including analysis of pyrosequencing and PhyloChip dataThe ISME Journal, 2009
- Accurate taxonomy assignments from 16S rRNA sequences produced by highly parallel pyrosequencersNucleic Acids Research, 2008