Alternative Information-Processing Models and Their Implications for Theory, Research, and Practice

Abstract

A general taxonomic system of alternative information-processing models (rational, limited capacity, expert, and cybernetic) found in the management and psychological literatures is developed. These models are evaluated on four criteria: theoretical utility, descriptive accuracy, prescriptive value, and potential to suggest interventions consistent with typical information processing. No model is superior according to all criteria, yet each model provides a different explanation of information processing in typical work situations. Each model provides a different explanation of processing in several theoretical domains (attribution theory, decision making, performance appraisal), and each model has different methodological implications. Thus, researchers or practitioners should carefully evaluate the applicability of each model for their particular purpose.