Automated classification and scoring of smooth pursuit eye movements in the presence of fixations and saccades
- 18 July 2012
- journal article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Behavior Research Methods
- Vol. 45 (1), 203-215
- https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-012-0234-9
Abstract
Ternary eye movement classification, which separates fixations, saccades, and smooth pursuit from the raw eye positional data, is extremely challenging. This article develops new and modifies existing eye-tracking algorithms for the purpose of conducting meaningful ternary classification. To this end, a set of qualitative and quantitative behavior scores is introduced to facilitate the assessment of classification performance and to provide means for automated threshold selection. Experimental evaluation of the proposed methods is conducted using eye movement records obtained from 11 subjects at 1000 Hz in response to a step-ramp stimulus eliciting fixations, saccades, and smooth pursuits. Results indicate that a simple hybrid method that incorporates velocity and dispersion thresholding allows producing robust classification performance. It is concluded that behavior scores are able to aid automated threshold selection for the algorithms capable of successful classification.This publication has 21 references indexed in Scilit:
- Standardization of Automated Analyses of Oculomotor Fixation and Saccadic BehaviorsIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2010
- Designing gaze gestures for gamingPublished by Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) ,2010
- Predicting the Unpredictable: Weighted Averaging of Past Stimulus Timing Facilitates Ocular Pursuit of Randomly Timed StimuliJournal of Neuroscience, 2009
- Ocular Imaging of Attentional Bias Among College Students: Automatic and Controlled Processing of Alcohol-Related ScenesJournal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 2009
- Oculomotor findings mimicking a cerebellar disorder and postural control in severe Meniere's diseaseAuris Nasus Larynx, 2009
- In the Eye of the Beholder: A Survey of Models for Eyes and GazeIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2009
- Vertical Optokinetic Nystagmus and Saccades in Normal Human SubjectsInvestigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2003
- Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and PracticePublished by Springer Science and Business Media LLC ,2003
- The initiation of smooth pursuit eye movements and saccades in normal subjects and in “express-saccade makers”Experimental Brain Research, 2002
- Smooth pursuit eye movements in response to unpredictable target waveformsVision Research, 1980