Development and preliminary validation of the Cricket Mental Toughness Inventory (CMTI)
- 21 October 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Journal of Sports Sciences
- Vol. 27 (12), 1293-1310
- https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903242306
Abstract
The purpose of this research project was to develop a psychometrically sound measure of mental toughness in cricket, using a multi-method research design. Two qualitative studies in which current and former cricketers' (n = 16) perceptions of the key components of mental toughness in cricket and the suitability of an item pool to target those key components (n = 9) were assessed. We then conducted two quantitative studies to examine both the within- and between-network properties of the Cricket Mental Toughness Inventory (CMTI) using confirmatory factor analysis and correlations. Support for the existence of a five-factor, 15-item model was revealed with three independent samples of cricketers; two contained cricketers from several different countries (n = 285 and 285), whereas one contained Australian cricketers only (n = 433). Each of the five subscales (affective intelligence, attentional control, resilience, self-belief, and desire to achieve) were positively correlated with dispositional flow, hardiness, and resilience and negatively correlated with athlete burnout. Although requiring replication and extension, the results of the present study provide preliminary support for the factor structure, internal reliability, and construct validity of the CMTI.Keywords
This publication has 41 references indexed in Scilit:
- A review and conceptual re-examination of mental toughness: Implications for future researchersPersonality and Individual Differences, 2008
- The convergent and discriminant validity of burnout measures in sport: A multi-trait/multi-method analysisJournal of Sports Sciences, 2006
- Towards an Understanding of Mental Toughness in Elite English CricketersJournal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2005
- A 2 × 2 Achievement Goals Questionnaire for Sport: Evidence for Factorial Invariance, Temporal Stability, and External ValidityJournal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2003
- Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)Depression and Anxiety, 2003
- A comparison of leading theories for the prediction of goal‐directed behavioursBritish Journal of Social Psychology, 1995
- Bootstrapping Goodness-of-Fit Measures in Structural Equation ModelsSociological Methods & Research, 1992
- Peak Performance and the Perils of Retrospective IntrospectionJournal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1991
- Fit Indexes, Lagrange Multipliers, Constraint Changes and Incomplete Data in Structural ModelsMultivariate Behavioral Research, 1990
- A New Incremental Fit Index for General Structural Equation ModelsSociological Methods & Research, 1989