Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the inflammatory response caused by endovascular stents in the treatment of aortic aneurysms. Methods: Twenty-five patients underwent endovascular stent treatment from March through December 2005. The evolution of mediators (sedimentation velocity, C reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, l-selectin), inflammatory cells (leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets), serum creatinine and body temperature within preoperative period and in the following postoperative periods — 1, 6, 24 and 48 h, 7 days, 1–3 months, was analyzed. In order to achieve statistic significance, Friedman test and Wilcoxon test were used, with index of significance of 5% (p ≪ 0.05). Results: Peak values of sedimentation velocity, C reactive protein and interleukin-6 were observed at 7 days (p ≪ 0.0001), 48 h (p ≪ 0.0001) and 24 h (p ≪ 0.0001), respectively. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-8 did not show statistically significant variability during the entire follow-up. In terms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and l-selectin, their expressive values were found in late phase of follow-up, although without statistical significance. Elevation of leukocytes count occurred in premature phase of follow-up (p ≪ 0.0001), while lymphocyte and platelet count occurred in a late phase of follow-up (p ≪ 0.0001). Serum levels of creatinine did not show significant variability during follow-up. The period between 24 and 48 h corresponded to major frequency for fever (p ≪ 0.0001). Conclusion: Individual mediators analysis and inflammatory cells demonstrated variability of their values during postoperative follow-up. This could help in the analysis of the inflammatory response evolution caused by endovascular stent treatment for aortic aneurysms in premature and late phases after implantation of the vascular prosthesis.