High‐Loading Nano‐SnO2 Encapsulated in situ in Three‐Dimensional Rigid Porous Carbon for Superior Lithium‐Ion Batteries
- 25 February 2016
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Chemistry – A European Journal
- Vol. 22 (14), 4915-4923
- https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201504420
Abstract
Tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) have been encapsulated in situ in a three‐dimensional ordered space structure. Within this composite, ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) acts as a carbon framework showing a desirable ordered mesoporous structure with an average pore size (≈6 nm) and a high surface area (470.3 m2 g−1), and the SnO2 NPs (≈10 nm) are highly loaded (up to 80 wt %) and homogeneously distributed within the OMC matrix. As an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries, a SnO2@OMC composite material can deliver an initial charge capacity of 943 mAh g−1 and retain 68.9 % of the initial capacity after 50 cycles at a current density of 50 mA g−1, even exhibit a capacity of 503 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 160 mA g−1. In situ encapsulation of the SnO2 NPs within an OMC framework contributes to a higher capacity and a better cycling stability and rate capability in comparison with bare OMC and OMC ex situ loaded with SnO2 particles (SnO2/OMC). The significantly improved electrochemical performance of the SnO2@OMC composite can be attributed to the multifunctional OMC matrix, which can facilitate electrolyte infiltration, accelerate charge transfer, and lithium‐ion diffusion, and act as a favorable buffer to release reaction strains for lithiation/delithiation of the SnO2 NPs.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51372115, 11575084)
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
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