Reduction of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease 3 Years After the Introduction of the 13-Valent Conjugate Vaccine in the Oxfordshire Region of England

Abstract

Background. The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV7) vaccine's impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is well described, but few reports exist on the additional impact of the 13-valent vaccine (PCV13). Methods. We calculated the IPD incidence across all ages in a surveillance project following implementation of PCV7 (in September 2006) and PCV13 (in April 2010) in children aged Results. The overall incidence decreased from 10 cases/100 000 persons per year in 1996–1997 to 8 cases/100 000 persons per year in 2007–2008 and 7 cases/100 000 in 2012–2013. Declines were greater in children aged P < .001), whereas the incidence of IPD due to the additional 6 serotypes in PCV13 and to nonvaccine types (NVTs) increased in children aged ≥2 years (P < .001 for both comparisons). The incidence of IPD due to the 6 additional serotypes in PCV13 declined significantly after PCV13 introduction in all ages (P ≤ .01), and the incidence of IPD due to NVTs declined significantly in children aged ≥2 years (P = .003). In 2011–2013, the overall incidences of IPD due to PCV7 serotypes, the 6 additional serotypes in PCV13, and NVTs were 0.3, 2.8, and 4.4 cases/100 000; the incidences among children aged Conclusions. The annual incidence of IPD due to vaccine serotypes (1–3 cases/100 000) among children aged <2 years and nontarget groups demonstrates the success of PCV7 and PCV13. A substantially higher incidence of IPD due to NVTs indicates the importance of ongoing surveillance and extension of vaccine polyvalency.