Association of Hypertension, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, and Metabolic Syndrome with Obesity: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004
- 1 December 2008
- journal article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Journal of the American College of Surgeons
- Vol. 207 (6), 928-934
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.08.022
Abstract
Hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia are common conditions associated with obesity. This study provides current estimates of the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome according to the severity of obesity in men and women participating in the 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Data from a representative sample of 13,745 US men and women who participated in the NHANES between 1999 and 2004 were reviewed. Overweight and obesity classes 1, 2, and 3 were defined as a body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9, 30.0 to 34.9, 35.0 to 39.9, and> or =40.0 kg/m(2), respectively. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the 2004 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference proceedings. With increasing overweight and obesity class, there is an increase in the prevalence of hypertension (18.1% for normal weight to 52.3% for obesity class 3), diabetes (2.4% for normal weight to 14.2% for obesity class 3), dyslipidemia (8.9% for normal weight to 19.0% for obesity class 3), and metabolic syndrome (13.6% for normal weight to 39.2% for obesity class 3). With normal weight individuals as a reference, individuals with obesity class 3 had an adjusted odds ratio of 4.8 (95% CI 3.8 to 5.9) for hypertension, 5.1 (95% CI 3.7 to 7.0) for diabetes, 2.2 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.4) for dyslipidemia, and 2.0 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.8) for metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome substantially increases with increasing body mass index. These findings have important public health implications for the prevention and treatments (surgical and nonsurgical) of obesity.Keywords
This publication has 20 references indexed in Scilit:
- Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated With Underweight, Overweight, and ObesityJAMA, 2007
- Long-Term Mortality after Gastric Bypass SurgeryNew England Journal of Medicine, 2007
- Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Mortality in Swedish Obese SubjectsNew England Journal of Medicine, 2007
- The relationship of body mass index to diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia: comparison of data from two national surveysInternational Journal Of Clinical Practice, 2007
- Resolution of Hyperlipidemia after Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric BypassJournal of the American College of Surgeons, 2006
- Inflammation and Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Abnormalities in US Adolescents: Findings from the 1988–1994 and 1999–2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination SurveysClinical Chemistry, 2006
- Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004JAMA, 2006
- Lifestyle, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors 10 Years after Bariatric SurgeryNew England Journal of Medicine, 2004
- Surgery Decreases Long-term Mortality, Morbidity, and Health Care Use in Morbidly Obese PatientsAnnals of Surgery, 2004
- The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. A metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 years.Diabetes Care, 1999