Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Oxaliplatin, Cisplatin, and Carboplatin in Nonhuman Primates
Open Access
- 15 February 2005
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in Clinical Cancer Research
- Vol. 11 (4), 1669-1674
- https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-1807
Abstract
Purpose: Describe and compare the central nervous system pharmacology of the platinum analogues, cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin and develop a pharmacokinetic model to distinguish the disposition of active drug from inert platinum species. Experimental Design: Oxaliplatin (7 or 5 mg/kg), cisplatin (2 mg/kg), or carboplatin (10 mg/kg) was given i.v. Serial plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected over 24 hours. Plasma ultrafiltrates were prepared immediately. Platinum concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. Areas under the concentration × time curve were derived using the linear trapezoidal method. CSF penetration was defined as the CSF AUC0-24/plasma ultrafiltrate AUC0-24 ratio. A four-compartment model with first-order rate constants was fit to the data to distinguish active drug from inactive metabolites. Results: The mean ± SD AUCs in plasma ultrafiltrate for oxaliplatin, cisplatin, and carboplatin were 61 ± 22, 18 ± 6, and 211 ± 64 μmol/L hour, respectively. The AUCs in CSF were 1.2 ± 0.4 μmol/L hour for oxaliplatin, 0.56 ± 0.08 μmol/L hour for cisplatin, and 8 ± 2.2 μmol/L hour for carboplatin, and CSF penetration was 2.0%, 3.6%, and 3.8%, respectively. For oxaliplatin, cisplatin, and carboplatin, the pharmacokinetic model estimated that active drug accounted for 29%, 79%, and 81% of platinum in plasma ultrafiltrate, respectively, and 25%, 89%, and 56% of platinum in CSF, respectively. The CSF penetration of active drug was 1.6% for oxaliplatin, 3.7% for cisplatin, and 2.6% for carboplatin. Conclusions: The CSF penetration of the platinum analogues is limited. The pharmacokinetic model distinguished between active drug and their inactive (inert) metabolites in plasma and CSF.Keywords
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